From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 175 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
- 1357 - Emperor Charles IV assists in laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague.
- 1540 - King Henry VIII of England annuls his marriage to his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves.
- 1541 - Esteví£o da Gama departs Massawa, leaving behind 400 matchlock men and 150 slaves under his brother Christoví£o da Gama, with orders to help the Emperor of Ethiopia defeat Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi who had invaded his Empire.
- 1755 - French and Indian War: Braddock Expedition - British troops and colonial militiamen are ambushed and suffer a devastating defeat by French and Native American forces.
- 1789 - In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution.
- 1790 - Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund - in the Baltic Sea, the Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian fleet.
- 1793 - The Act Against Slavery is passed in Upper Canada and the importation of slaves into Lower Canada is prohibited.
- 1807 - The Treaties of Tilsit are signed by Napoleon I of France and Alexander I of Russia.
- 1810 - Napoleon annexes the Kingdom of Holland as part of the First French Empire.
- 1815 - Talleyrand becomes Prime Minister of France.
- 1816 - Argentina declares independence from Spain.
- 1846 - The territory of the District of Columbia south of the Potomac River (39 mi² or about 100 km²) is returned to Virginia through an Act of Congress.
- 1850 - U.S. President Zachary Taylor dies and Millard Fillmore becomes the 13th President of the United States.
- 1850 - The Persian prophet Báb is executed in Tabriz, Persia.
- 1863 - American Civil War: the Siege of Port Hudson ends.
- 1867 - An unsuccessful expedition led by E.D. Young sets out to search for Dr David Livingstone (Scottish missionary and explorer).
- 1868 - The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
- 1900 - Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom gives royal assent to an Act creating the Commonwealth of Australia thus uniting separate colonies on the continent under one federal government.
- 1918 - Great train wreck of 1918: in Nashville, Tennessee, an inbound local train collides with an outbound express killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history.
- 1922 - Johnny Weissmuller swims the 100 meters freestyle in 58.6 seconds breaking the world swimming record and the 'minute barrier'.
- 1932 - The state of Sí£o Paulo revolts against the Brazilian Federal Government, starting the Constitutionalist Revolution
- 1943 - World War II: Operation Husky - Allied forces perform an amphibious invasion of Sicily.
- 1944 - World War II: Battle of Normandy - British and Canadian forces capture Caen, France.
- 1944 - World War II: Battle of Saipan - American forces take Saipan in the Mariana Islands.
- 1944 - World War II: Battle of Tali-Ihantala - Finland wins the Battle of Tali-Ihantala, the largest battle ever fought in northern Europe. The Red Army withdraws its troops from Ihantala and digs into defensive position, thus ending the Vyborg-Petrozavodsk Offensive.
- 1947 - The engagement of Britain's Princess Elizabeth to Lt. Philip Mountbatten is announced.
- 1948 - Pakistan issues its first set of Postage stamps, bearing images of the Constituent Assembly, the Jinnah International Airport (Quaid-e-Azam International Airport), and the Shahi Fort.
- 1955 - The Russell-Einstein Manifesto is released by Bertrand Russell in London.
- 1958 - Lituya Bay is hit by a mega-tsunami. The wave is recorded at 524 meters high, the largest in recorded history.
- 1962 - The Starfish Prime high-altitude nuclear test is conducted by the United States of America.
- 1962 - Andy Warhol's Campbell's Soup Cans exhibition opens at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles.
- 1979 - A car bomb destroys a Renault motor car owned by famed "Nazi hunters" Serge and Beate Klarsfeld at their home in France. A note purportedly from ODESSA claims responsibility.
- 1982 - Pan Am Flight 759 crashes in Kenner, Louisiana killing all 145 people on board and eight others on the ground.
- 1986 - The New Zealand Parliament passes the Homosexual Law Reform Act legalising homosexuality in New Zealand.
- 1989 - Two bombs explode in Mecca killing one pilgrim and wounding 16 others.
- 1991 - South Africa is readmitted into the Olympic movement after 30 years of exclusion.
- 1995 - The Navaly church bombing is carried out by the Sri Lankan Air Force killing 125 Tamil civilian refugees.
- 1999 - Days of student protests begin after Iranian police and hardliners attack a student dormitory at the University of Tehran.
- 2002 - The African Union is established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Its first chairman is Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa.
- 2006 - At least 122 people are killed after a Sibir Airlines Airbus A310 passenger jet, carrying 200 passengers veers off the runway while landing in wet conditions at Irkutsk Airport in Siberia.
Births
- 1511 - Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg, German-born Queen consort of Denmark and Norway, wife of Christian III of Denmark (d. 1571)
- 1577 - Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English-born Jamestown colonist (d. 1618)
- 1578 - Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1637)
- 1654 - Emperor Reigen of Japan (d. 1732)
- 1686 - Philip Livingston, American politician (d. 1749)
- 1689 - Alexis Piron, French epigrammatist and dramatist (d. 1773)
- 1721 - Johann Nikolaus Gí¶tz, German poet (d. 1781)
- 1753 - William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock, English Governor of Newfoundland (d. 1825)
- 1764 - Ann Radcliffe, English novelist (d. 1823)
- 1775 - Matthew Lewis, English novelist (d. 1818)
- 1786 - Princess Sophie Hélí¨ne Béatrice of France, daughter of Louis XVI of France and Marie Antoinette (d. 1787)
- 1800 - Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, German physician (d. 1885)
- 1808 - Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer and soldier (d. 1887)
- 1819 - Elias Howe, American inventor (d. 1867)
- 1828 - Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano, Italian Catholic churchman (d. 1913)
- 1836 - Henry Campbell-Bannerman, 51st Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1908)
- 1836 - Camille of Renesse-Breidbach, Belgian nobleman and entrepreneur (d. 1904)
- 1848 - Robert I, Duke of Parma, Italian nobleman, the last ruling Duke of Parma (d. 1907)
- 1858 - Franz Boas, German anthropologist (d. 1942)
- 1879 - Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer (d. 1936)
- 1879 - Carlos Chagas, Brazilian physician (d. 1934)
- 1889 - Leo Dandurand, American-born Canadian hockey executive (d. 1964)
- 1893 - George Geary, English cricketer (d. 1981)
- 1894 - Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate]] (d. 1984)
- 1901 - Dame Barbara Cartland, English novelist (d. 2000)
- 1901 - Konstantinos Kallias, Greek politician (d. 2004)
- 1905 - Clarence Campbell, Canadian hockey executive (d. 1984)
- 1908 - Allama Rasheed Turabi, Pakistani scholar, orator and philosopher (d. 1973)
- 1911 - Mervyn Peake, British writer and illustrator (d. 1968)
- 1911 - John A. Wheeler, American physicist (d. 2008)
- 1915 - David Diamond, American composer (d. 2005)
- 1916 - Sir Dean Goffin, New Zealand composer (d. 1984)
- 1916 - Edward Heath, 68th Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 2005)
- 1918 - Jarl Wahlstrí¶m, Finnish 12th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1999)
- 1925 - Guru Dutt, Indian film director, producer and actor (d. 1964)
- 1925 - Charles E. Wicks, American professor of chemical engineering
- 1926 - Ben Roy Mottelson, American-born physicist, Nobel laureate
- 1927 - Ed Ames, American singer and actor
- 1927 - Susan Cabot, American actress (d. 1986)
- 1927 - Red Kelly, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1928 - Federico Bahamontes, Spanish cyclist
- 1928 - Vince Edwards, American actor, director and singer (d. 1996)
- 1929 - King Hassan II of Morocco, (d. 1999)
- 1929 - Lee Hazlewood, American country singer, songwriter and producer (d. 2007)
- 1929 - Jesse McReynolds, American singer and mandolinist
- 1930 - Buddy Bregman, American musical arranger and conductor
- 1930 - Roy McLean, South African cricketer (d. 2007)
- 1932 - Donald Rumsfeld, 13th and 21st United States Secretary of Defense
- 1933 - Oliver Sacks, British neurologist and author
- 1934 - Michael Graves, American architect
- 1935 - Wim Duisenberg, Dutch economist and politician (d. 2005)
- 1935 - Michael Williams, English actor (d. 2001)
- 1936 - Floyd Abrams, American attorney and advocate
- 1936 - June Jordan, American poet, writer and teacher (d. 2002)
- 1936 - André Pronovost, French-Canadian ice hockey player
- 1936 - Richard Wilson, Scottish actor and director
- 1937 - David Hockney, English painter, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer and photographer
- 1938 - Sanjeev Kumar, Indian actor (d.1985)
- 1938 - Brian Dennehy, American actor
- 1942 - Richard Roundtree, American actor
- 1942 - Edy Williams, American actress
- 1943 - John Casper, American astronaut
- 1945 - Dean R. Koontz, American novelist
- 1945 - Root Boy Slim, American entertainer (d. 1993)
- 1946 - Natasha Pyne, English actress
- 1946 - Bon Scott, Australian singer (AC/DC) (d. 1980)
- 1947 - Haruomi Hosono, Japanese bassist (Yellow Magic Orchestra) and record producer
- 1947 - Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (Jimi Hendrix Experience) (d. 2008)
- 1947 - O.J. Simpson, American football player and actor
- 1948 - Hassan Wirajuda, Indonesian politician
- 1949 - Jesse Duplantis, American Evangelist, author and inspirational speaker
- 1950 - Viktor Yanukovych, the 4th President of Ukraine
- 1951 - Chris Cooper, American actor
- 1952 - John Tesh, American composer
- 1953 - Margie Gillis, Canadian dancer and choreographer
- 1953 - Thomas Ligotti, American writer
- 1955 - Steve Coppell, English footballer and manager
- 1955 - Fred Norris, American radio personality
- 1955 - Jimmy Smits, American actor
- 1955 - Willie Wilson, American baseball player
- 1955 - Lindsey Graham, American politician
- 1956 - Marc Almond, British singer
- 1956 - Tom Hanks, American actor
- 1957 - Tim Kring, American writer and producer
- 1957 - Kelly McGillis, American actress
- 1957 - Paul Merton, British comedian
- 1957 - Jim Paxson, American basketball player
- 1959 - Jim Kerr, Scottish singer (Simple Minds)
- 1959 - Kevin Nash ("Diesel"), American pro wrestler
- 1959 - Clive Stafford Smith, British human-rights lawyer
- 1960 - Marc Mero ("Johnny B. Badd"), American pro wrestler
- 1964 - Courtney Love, American singer and guitarist (Hole) and actress
- 1964 - Gianluca Vialli, Italian football player and coach
- 1965 - Frank Bello, American bassist (Anthrax)
- 1965 - Thomas Jahn, German actor and director
- 1965 - David O'Hara, Scottish actor
- 1965 - Jason Rhoades, American installation artist (d. 2006)
- 1966 - Pamela Adlon, American voice actress
- 1967 - Gunnar Axén, Swedish politician
- 1967 - Mark Stoops, American football coach
- 1968 - Paolo Di Canio, Italian football player
- 1968 - Lars Gyllenhaal, Swedish historian
- 1969 - Jason Kearton, Australian footballer
- 1969 - Mark Lui, Hong Kong composer and producer
- 1970 - Dani Behr, English model and TV presenter
- 1970 - Trent Green, American football player
- 1970 - Masami Tsuda, Japanese manga author
- 1971 - Marc Andreessen, American software developer
- 1973 - Kelly Holcomb, American football player
- 1973 - Enrique Murciano, American actor
- 1974 - Sian Berry, British politician
- 1974 - Gary Kelly, Irish football player
- 1974 - Nikola Sarcevic, Swedish bassist and singer (Millencolin)
- 1974 - Tsuyoshi Kusanagi, Japanese actor & singer (SMAP)
- 1975 - Shelton Benjamin, American pro wrestler
- 1975 - Isaac Brock, American singer, guitarist, banjoist and songwriter (Modest Mouse, Ugly Casanova)
- 1975 - Craig Quinnell, Welsh rugby player
- 1975 - Jack White, American vocalist, guitarist and pianist (The White Stripes)
- 1976 - Fred Savage, American actor
- 1976 - Jochem Uytdehaage, Dutch speed skater
- 1978 - Kara Goucher, American long distance runner
- 1978 - Linda Park, Korean-born actress
- 1978 - Mark Medlock, German singer
- 1979 - Ella Koon, Hong Kong singer and actress
- 1979 - Suzanne Stokes, American model, (Playboy's Playmate of the Month in February 2000)
- 1980 - Michael A. Cotignola, III ("Jersey Cowboy"), American pro wrestler and writer
- 1981 - Kimveer Gill, Canadian spree shooter (Dawson College shooting) (d. 2006)
- 1982 - Ashly DelGrosso, American ballroom dancer
- 1982 - Alecko Eskandarian, American footballer
- 1982 - Toby Kebbell, English actor
- 1982 - Maggie Ma, Canadian actress
- 1982 - Sakon Yamamoto, Japanese racing driver
- 1983 - Lucia Micarelli, American violinist (Jethro Tull)
- 1984 - Jacob Hoggard, Canadian singer (Hedley)
- 1985 - Paweł Korzeniowski, Polish swimmer
- 1985 - Ashley Young, English footballer
- 1986 - Dominic Cervi, American footballer
- 1986 - Simon Dumont, American freestyle skier
- 1986 - Kiely Williams, American singer and actress
- 1990 - Fábio Pereira da Silva, Brazilian footballer
- 1990 - Rafael Pereira da Silva, Brazilian footballer
- 1991 - Spencer Elden, American model
- 1991 - Mitchel Musso, American actor
- 1995 - Georgie Henley, English actress
Deaths
- 518 - Anastasius I, Byzantine Emperor (b. 430)
- 1228 - Stephen Langton, Englisg clergyman, Archbishop of Canterbury (b.c. 1150)
- 1386 - Leopold III, Duke of Austria (b. 1351)
- 1553 - Maurice, Elector of Saxony (b. 1521)
- 1654 - Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans (b. 1633)
- 1706 - Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, French-Canadian sailor and explorer (b. 1661)
- 1737 - Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1671)
- 1742 - John Oldmixon, English historian (b. 1673)
- 1746 - King Philip V of Spain (b. 1683)
- 1747 - Giovanni Bononcini, Italian composer (b. 1670)
- 1756 - Pieter Langendijk, Dutch dramatist and poet (b. 1683); other date proposed is July 18 (see)
- 1766 - Jonathan Mayhew, American minister (b. 1720)
- 1771 - Michail Baknanas, Greek trader (birth year unknown)
- 1795 - Henry Seymour Conway, British general and statesman (b. 1721)
- 1797 - Edmund Burke, British philosopher and statesman (b. 1729)
- 1850 - Báb, Persian founder of Bábism (b. 1819)
- 1850 - Zachary Taylor, 12th President of the United States (b. 1784)
- 1852 - Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan, American politician (b. 1794)
- 1855 - FitzRoy Somerset, 1st Baron Raglan, British military officer (b. 1788)
- 1856 - Amedeo Avogadro, Italian chemist (b. 1776)
- 1856 - James Strang, American religious figure (b. 1813)
- 1880 - Paul Broca, French physician and anatomist (b. 1824)
- 1882 - Ignacio Carrera Pinto, Chilean war hero(b. 1848)
- 1903 - Alphonse Franí§ois Renard, Belgian geologist (b. 1842)
- 1927 - John Drew Jr., American actor (b. 1853)
- 1932 - King C. Gillette, American inventor (b. 1855)
- 1937 - Oliver Law, American military officer (b. 1899)
- 1938 - Benjamin Cardozo, American jurist (b. 1870)
- 1947 - Lucjan Żeligowski, Polish general (b. 1865)
- 1949 - Fritz Hart, English-born Australian composer (b. 1874)
- 1951 - Harry Heilmann, American baseball player (b. 1894)
- 1955 - Don Beauman, British racing driver (b. 1928)
- 1967 - Eugen Fischer, German physician (b. 1874)
- 1972 - Robert Weede, American baritone (b. 1903)
- 1974 - Earl Warren, American jurist (b. 1891)
- 1977 - Alice Paul, American suffragist figure (b. 1885)
- 1979 - Cornelia Otis Skinner, American actress and author (b. 1899)
- 1980 - Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet and lyricist (b. 1913)
- 1983 - Keith Wickenden, British politician (b. 1932)
- 1985 - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. 1896)
- 1985 - Jimmy Kinnon, Scottish-born American founder of Narcotics Anonymous (b. 1911)
- 1992 - Eric Sevareid, American reporter (b. 1912)
- 1994 - Bill Mosienko, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)
- 1996 - Melvin Belli, American attorney (b. 1907)
- 1999 - Robert de Cotret, Canadian politician (b. 1944)
- 2000 - Doug Fisher, English actor (b. 1941)
- 2002 - Laurence Janifer, American writer (b. 1933)
- 2002 - Rod Steiger, American actor (b. 1925)
- 2004 - Paul Klebnikov, American journalist (b. 1963)
- 2004 - Isabel Sanford, American actress (b. 1917)
- 2004 - Riley Dobi Noel, American convicted murderer (b. 1972)
- 2005 - Chuck Cadman, Canadian politician (b. 1948)
- 2005 - Yevgenij Grishin, Russian speed skater (b. 1931)
- 2005 - Alex Shibicky, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1914)
- 2005 - Kevin Hagen, American actor (b. 1928)
- 2006 - Milan Williams, American keyboardist (The Commodores) (b. 1948)
- 2007 - Charles Lane, American actor (b. 1905)
- 2008 - Séamus Brennan, Irish politician (b. 1948)
- 2010 - Jessica Anderson, Australian novelist (b. 1916)
Holidays and observances
External links
